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Sergei Rachmaninoff Laborde Tchaikovsky Riesemann Rimsky Korsakov Mussorgsky Blaze Pavel Pabst 1873 1890 1893 1915 1920 1931 1934 1943 2019
Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943) Suite No. 1 'Fantaisie-Tableaux' for two pianos in G minor, Op. 5 I. Barcarolle (G minor – Allegretto) 00:00 II. La Nuit... l'Amour (D major – Adagio sostenuto) 07:31 III. Les Larmes (G minor – Largo di molto) 13:10 IV. Pâques (G minor – Allegro maestoso) 19:31 Gabrielle de Laborde Gahres, piano Allen Wisler, piano Duo-Recital live recording. Barcelona, Spain (April 2019) All rights reserved de Laborde/Wisler. Cover: Portrait of Rachmaninoff, c.1920. George G. Bain Collection, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., United States. Photos: – Young Sergei Rachmaninoff with his dog, Levko, in 1890. – Rachmaninoff seated at Steinway grand piano, c.1915. – Sergei Rachmaninoff in his study at Villa Senar, Hertenstein, Switzerland, 1934. Courtesy Sergei Rachmaninoff Foundation. – Rachmaninoff in his study at his home in Beverly Hills, California, 1934. Sergei Rachmaninoff was twenty years old when he wrote his Suite No.1 for two pianos, and yet this expansive four-movement work displays many of the characteristics of his later works – scintillating pianistic virtuosity, lyricism tinged with melancholy, and (perhaps most dramatically) a preoccupation with the ringing of Russian church bells. In fall of 1893 Rachmaninoff had returned to Moscow from a summer country sojourn with a handful of fine pieces, including his orchestral fantasy The Rock, Op. 7, Five Pieces for Piano, Op. 3 (with the famous Prelude in C sharp minor), as well as the First Suite. That he was quite the up-and-coming golden boy of Russian music is evidenced by the respect and admiration he received from no less than Tchaikovsky, who was impressed with the success of the Prelude, as well as with the considerable amount of music his young colleague had managed to produce over just one summer. "And I, miserable wretch, have only written one Symphony!" he lamented. (Then again, that one Symphony was the Pathétique, the last work to come from his pen, hardly a trivial accomplishment.) Rachmaninoff told Tchaikovsky about his new suite for two pianos – at the time titled Fantaisie-Tableaux and dedicated to the older master – although he declined to play it at their meeting, probably fearing that it would be unacceptably compromised by performance on only one piano. (What transpired at that meeting is related in Rachmaninoff’s Recollections, told to Oskar von Riesemann.) Sadly, the two artists were never to meet again; Tchaikovsky died several weeks later. The Suite represents Rachmaninoff’s first attempt at writing program music. Not only is it dedicated to Tchaikovsky but it also reflects a great deal of his musical influence. The definitive Rachmaninoff stamp is not yet affixed to this work, though there are many passages which are unmistakably characteristic and prophetic, while the technical, tonal and interpretive resources of the two keyboards have been employed with masterly insight. Unlike the bulk of Rachmaninoff’s keyboard music, the First Suite has strong programmatic underpinnings. Each of its four movements is headed by a passage of verse, each by a different poet. The first movement takes as its topic the Barcarolle from Romantic poet Mikhail Lermontov (who also inspired The Rock) that describes a lost love as the passing of a Venetian gondola. Gently rocking rhythms, underlaying a Tchaikovskian melody, retain an introverted mood even amid a steady accretion of keyboard pyrotechnics. La Nuit... l'Amour (The Night…The Love) takes its inspiration from the opening lines of Lord Byron’s Parisina: "It is the hour when from the boughs / The nightingale’s high note is heard." A tiny fragment of a motive in the second piano repeats itself almost hypnotically against increasingly lavish punctuations in the first; the mood intensifies into a mid-place Agitato (that retains that modest motive as a recurring element) until fading back to the hush of the opening. Fyodor Tyutchev’s Les Larmes (Tears) provides the impetus for a heartfelt Largo di molto characterized by a four-note figure that, one way or another, makes itself felt throughout, even during a faster middle section. In last place comes Pâques (Easter) after Aleksey Khomyakov and an all-stops-out evocation of those iconic Russian bells that inform so much Russian music, like Rimsky-Korsakov’s Russian Easter Overture, or any number of Rachmaninoff’s works. A short, exuberant carillon, a wonderful imitation of the bells of the Kremlin ringing out on Easter morning. Rachmaninoff and Mussorgsky must have heard those bells with ears similarly attuned, for there is a marked affinity between the Easter movement of this Suite and the sound of the bells in the great Coronation Scene from Boris Godunov, which also takes place before the Kremlin. Jubilant, extroverted, even perhaps a bit obsessive, the movement closes out the Suite in a blaze of burnished sonority. The work was premiered on November 30, 1893 by Rachmaninoff and Pavel Pabst in Moscow.
Sergei Rachmaninoff Paganini Fritz Reiner Arthur Rubinstein Beethoven Benno Moiseiwitsch Chicago Symphony Orchestra 1934
Performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. Conductor - Fritz Reiner. Piano - Arthur Rubinstein. 0:00 Introduction. Allegro vivace 0:11 Variation I (Precedente) 0:32 Tema. L'istesso tempo 0:51 Variation II. L'istesso tempo 1:10 Variation III. L'istesso tempo 1:36 Variation IV. Più vivo 2:05 Variation V. Tempo precedente 2:33 Variation VI. L'istesso tempo 3:34 Variation VII. Meno mosso, a tempo moderato 4:28 Variation VIII. Tempo I 5:00 Variation IX. L'istesso tempo 5:29 Variation X. L'istesso tempo 6:23 Variation XI. Moderato 7:51 Variation XII. Tempo di minuetto 9:15 Variation XIII. Allegro 9:41 Variation XIV. L'istesso tempo 10:27 Variation XV. Più vivo scherzando 11:30 Variation XVI. Allegretto 13:00 Variation XVII. Allegretto 14:42 Variation XVIII. Andante cantabile 17:56 Variation XIX. A tempo vivace 18:22 Variation XX. Un poco più vivo 18:57 Variation XXI. Un poco più vivo 19:22 Variation XXII. Un poco più vivo (Alla breve) 21:00 Variation XXIII. L'istesso tempo 21:56 Variation XXIV. A tempo un poco meno mosso The Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Op. 43, is a concertante work written by Sergei Rachmaninoff for piano and orchestra, closely resembling a piano concerto, all in a single movement. Rachmaninoff wrote the work at his summer home, the Villa Senar in Switzerland, according to the score, from 3 July to 18 August 1934. After a brief introduction, the first variation is played before the theme. Paganini's theme is stated on strings with the piano picking out salient notes, after the first variation. Rachmaninoff likely got the idea of having a variation before the theme from the finale of Beethoven's Eroica symphony. Variations II to VI recombine elements of the theme. The pauses and rhetorical flourishes for the piano in variation VI herald a change of tempo and tone. The piano next gravely intones the Dies Irae, the "day of wrath" plainchant from the medieval Mass of the Dead, while the orchestra accompanies with a slower version of the opening motif of the Paganini theme. The piece is one of several by Rachmaninoff to quote the Dies Irae plainchant melody. The slow 18th variation is by far the best known, and it is often included on classical music compilations without the rest of the work. It is based on an inversion of the melody of Paganini's theme. In other words, the A minor Paganini theme is literally played "upside down" in D♭ major, with a few other changes. Rachmaninoff himself recognized the appeal of this variation, saying "This one is for my agent." The 24th variation is more playful in tone than most of the other variations, ending with a glissando sweep of the keyboard, before quoting the original theme in the last bar. Due to the speed and the large leaps on the piano, the 24th and last variation of the rhapsody presents considerable technical difficulty for the pianist. Shortly before the world première performance, Rachmaninoff – a sufferer of performance anxiety – confessed trepidation over his ability to play it. Upon the suggestion of his friend Benno Moiseiwitsch, Rachmaninoff broke his usual rule against drinking alcohol and had a glass of crème de menthe to steady his nerves, which he reputedly kept beneath the piano. His performance was a spectacular success, and prior to every subsequent performance of the Rhapsody, he drank crème de menthe. This led to Rachmaninoff nicknaming the twenty-fourth the "Crème de Menthe Variation".
Yuja Wang Gianandrea Noseda Antonio Pappano Sergei Rachmaninoff
Conductors Gianandrea Noseda & Antonio Pappano and pianist Yuja Wang tell us how a visit to Villa Senar, Rachmaninoff's holiday retreat in Switzerland deepened their insight into the composer.
Sergei Rachmaninoff Paganini Gabriela Montero Leopold Stokowski Lyric Opera House Philadelphia Orchestra 1934
The Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini (Russian: Рапсодия на тему Паганини, Rapsodiya na temu Paganini) in A minor, opus 43, is a concertante work (20 to 25 minutes in length), written by Sergei Rachmaninoff. It is written for solo piano and symphony orchestra, closely resembling a piano concerto. The work was written at Villa Senar, according to the score, from July 3 to August 18 1934. Rachmaninoff himself, a noted interpreter of his own works, played the solo piano part at the piece's premiere at the Lyric Opera House in Baltimore, Maryland, on November 7, 1934 with the Philadelphia Orchestra, conducted by Leopold Stokowski.
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