Karel Mengelberg Vidéos
chef ou cheffe d'orchestre, compositeur ou compositrice
Commémorations 2024 (Décès: Karel Mengelberg)
- musique classique
- Royaume des Pays-Bas
Dernière mise à jour
2024-05-16
Actualiser
Louis Andriessen Mariss Jansons Hendrik Andriessen Boulez Stravinsky Baaren Berio Guevara Schat Reinbert Leeuw Mengelberg Stockhausen Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest Hoketus Royal Concertgebouw Amsterdam Holland Festival 1939 1957 1962 1963 1965 1966 1968 1969 1972 1973 1976 1977 2013
Louis Andriessen (1939) Mysteriën (Mysteries) : for orchestra (2013) Orchestra: Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest Conductor: Mariss Jansons Commissioned by the Royal Concertgebouw Amsterdam for the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of both hall and orchestra Louis Andriessen is a Dutch composer, son of Hendrik Andriessen. After a few youthful works influenced by neo-classicism and serialism in the manner of Boulez he moved steadily away from the postwar European avant garde and towards American minimalism, jazz and Stravinsky. Out of these elements he has developed a musical language marked by extremes of ritual and masquerade, of monumentality and intimacy, of formal rigour and intuitive empiricism. The epitome of the Hague School, he is regarded as the most influential Dutch composer of his generation. Andriessen was born the youngest son of a musical family. His father and his elder brother Jurriaan, who passed on to him his musical experiences of Stravinskian neo-classicism and jazz, were his earliest mentors. Between 1957 and 1962 he studied composition at the Royal Conservatory in The Hague with Van Baaren. After receiving the composition prize there, he continued his studies with Berio in Berlin and Milan +••.••(...)). Back in the Netherlands he played an active role in the increasing politicization of the arts put into practice during the Holland Festival in 1969 with the collective work Reconstructie, a music-theatre morality based on the character of Che Guevara; the composers involved were Schat, van Vlijmen, Reinbert de Leeuw and Misha Mengelberg, all former students of Van Baaren. Later the same year Andriessen was involved in the Notenkrakersactie, the disruption of a concert by the Concertgebouw Orchestra, whose artistic policy the protesters regarded as reactionary. This controversial act has since come to be seen as a turning-point in postwar Dutch musical life. For Andriessen it led to a permanent abandonment of the medium of the symphony orchestra. Convinced that musical renewal cannot be separated from the renewal of performance practice, he set up in 1972 De Volharding ('Perseverance') to perform his composition of the same name, and similarly in 1977, Hoketus, the result of a project at the Royal Conservatory; both ensembles have gone on to stimulate extensive new repertories. Andriessen began to teach composition and instrumentation at the Royal Conservatory in 1973, and in the mid-1980s started to be in great demand as a guest lecturer, particularly in the USA. It may be tempting to regard the première of De staat in 1976 as marking the birth of the 'real' Andriessen. A typically European response to the more ethereal American minimalism of the time, it made his name internationally. It is the first work in a line of monumental, for the most part 'didactic' compositions which mark moments of synthesis and re-orientation in his output; it also unveiled Andriessen's characteristic sonorities of brass, keyboards and bass guitars. However, his output from before De staat should not be viewed merely as a preliminary stage, since in it a number of distinctive (albeit short-lived) styles and techniques are discernible, becoming marked increasingly by personal features. At the extremes stand the graphic composition Registers (1963) and the exercise in youthful sentiment Souvenirs d'enfance (1966). In Ittrospezione III (Concept I) serial methods derived from Boulez are uneasily combined with a Cageian conceptualism, though pre-echoes of De staat are occasionally apparent in the work's instrumentation and form. Contra tempus of 1968 reveals Andriessen explicitly turning away from the avant garde's rejection of the past. The montage form, the mixture of static, 'chorale' continuos of sound, traced by the composer to such variable sources as Stockhausen's Momente, Stravinsky and pre-tonality, and the big-band-like instrumentation, all point in another direction. Most of all it is Stravinsky whom Andriessen considered / 'with his hand on my shoulder' / the model; the last chord of the work is the opening one of the Symphony of Psalms. With De volharding (1972), Andriessen moved a step closer to De staat. Composed in response to American minimalism in general and to Riley's In C in particular, the musico-political convictions which have determined Andriessen's development are reflected in the title, with its reference to the ideals of the early 20th-century labour movement
Lazare Saminsky Nemtsov Rimsky Korsakov Lyadov Schoenberg Stravinsky Serge Koussevitsky Pierre Monteux Willem Mengelberg Walter Damrosch Busch 1882 1910 1935 1940 1959 2000
Lazare Saminsky +••.••(...)) Three Shadows, Op. 41 Composed in 1935 Performed by Jascha Nemtsov (http•••)/ “Saminsky, a former fellow-student at St. Petersburg conservatory under Rimsky-Korsakov and Lyadov, officially banned from Moscow for participating in student protests, had a plentiful life. Blessed with inexhaustible energy, an enthusiastic temperament and exceptional versatility, he was a scholar, well-versed in mathematics, philosophy and languages, several of which he spoke fluently. He was a founding member of the Society for Jewish Music. He also took part in expeditions to collect folk songs and liturgical singing of the Caucasian Jews. An avid traveler, he stayed in Jerusalem before emigrating to the United States. There, shortly after his arrival, he founded the League of Composers. He was responsible for the American premiere performances of Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire and Stravinsky's Les Noces. Very committed to the music of younger American and Russian composers, he established the "New York Polyhymnia", an international concert association which goal was to "foster international exchange of unknown musical cultures and of unknown works, old and new." His own works, performed in the 20's under such conductor as Serge Koussevitsky, Pierre Monteux, Willem Mengelberg, Walter Damrosch, and Allan Busch, languished later on living an increasingly shadowy existence. Most of them are conspicuously programmatic in character. This is not always the result of a definite literary model, but is often the consequence of the unusually plastic and gestural quality of the music, whose freely rhapsodic language suggests the presence of a musical protagonist. After the Second World War, when a new generation of composers successfully raised their claims to avant-garde status, his music was dismissed as "not-up-to-date". Only now, at the turn of the century, it has become increasingly obvious that the creative impulses of early Modernism +••.••(...)) were often more original and fertile than any number of fashionable manifestations appearing during the subsequent era. Saminsky stayed in the US until his death in 1959. Saminsky composed his Three Shadows, the first for piano and the second for orchestra. The three Poems (so-called in the subtitle) are dedicated to the memory of the great American poet Edwin Arlington Robinson, and are an immediate response to the news of his death in August 1935. The prevailing mood is correspondingly somber, brightening only in the second movement. The second poem bears the title "A Poet", and a maxim from Robinson: "A singing voice then gathered and ascended, Filled the vast dome above till it glowed, With singing light." This light-filled music is framed by two movements which are darker in atmosphere. The first "Omen", is is set to a poem by Pitts Sanborn: "Seek not to turn al vintages to blood; Leave me one city, War, on a crown stream, The crumbling cornices, the dust, my dreams." The last "Poem" is a setting of Carl Sandburg's "Grass" and subtitled "A Dirge": "Pile up the bodies high at Austerlitz and Waterloo, Shovel them under and let me work - I am the grass; I cover all. And pile them high at Gettysburg. I am grass; let me work.“ Jascha Nemtsov. Liner notes for ACROSS BOUNDARIES: DISCOVERING RUSSIA 1910-1940, VOL. 3: WAITING ROOM, Jascha Nemtsov, EDA Records EDA 016-2, 2000, compact disc.
Lazare Saminsky Nemtsov Rimsky Korsakov Lyadov Schoenberg Stravinsky Serge Koussevitsky Pierre Monteux Willem Mengelberg Walter Damrosch Busch Kafka 1882 1910 1919 1940 1959 1999
Lazare Saminsky +••.••(...)) Ritual Dance on the Sabbath, Op. 26, No. 1 Composed in 1919 Performed by Jascha Nemtsov (http•••)/ “Saminsky, a former fellow-student at St. Petersburg conservatory under Rimsky-Korsakov and Lyadov, officially banned from Moscow for participating in student protests, had a plentiful life. Blessed with inexhaustible energy, an enthusiastic temperament and exceptional versatility, he was a scholar, well-versed in mathematics, philosophy and languages, several of which he spoke fluently. He was a founding member of the Society for Jewish Music. He also took part in expeditions to collect folk songs and liturgical singing of the Caucasian Jews. An avid traveler, he stayed in Jerusalem before emigrating to the United States. There, shortly after his arrival, he founded the League of Composers. He was responsible for the American premiere performances of Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire and Stravinsky's Les Noces. Very committed to the music of younger American and Russian composers, he established the "New York Polyhymnia", an international concert association which goal was to "foster international exchange of unknown musical cultures and of unknown works, old and new." His own works, performed in the 20's under such conductor as Serge Koussevitsky, Pierre Monteux, Willem Mengelberg, Walter Damrosch, and Allan Busch, languished later on living an increasingly shadowy existence. Most of them are conspicuously programmatic in character. This is not always the result of a definite literary model, but is often the consequence of the unusually plastic and gestural quality of the music, whose freely rhapsodic language suggests the presence of a musical protagonist. After the Second World War, when a new generation of composers successfully raised their claims to avant-garde status, his music was dismissed as "not-up-to-date". Only now, at the turn of the century, it has become increasingly obvious that the creative impulses of early Modernism +••.••(...)) were often more original and fertile than any number of fashionable manifestations appearing during the subsequent era. Saminsky stayed in the US until his death in 1959. Although not expressly mentioned in the title, "Danse rituelle du Sabbath" (or "Ritual Dance on the Sabbath") in unquestionably about a Hassidic Sabbath celebration for it is not customary to celebrate the Holy Sabbath by dancing. However, in Hasidism, prayer is an expression of joy and thus singing and dancing play an important role in worship. The Hasidim are especially well-known for their musicality. "Melodies are created... A miracle-working rabbi suddenly put his head down on his arms resting on the table and stayed like that for three hours while everyone else remained silent. When he woke up, he wept and then sang us a completely new and merry march." (Franz Kafka, Diaries) It is a "merry march" such as this in the "Aavo rabo" modus with the characteristic augmented second which the Hasidim are so fond of that one can hear as the theme in Saminsky's piece. This theme is varied several times whereby it alternates between pounding with heavy chords and shooting up like the tongues of flames.” Jascha Nemtsov. Liner notes for ACROSS BOUNDARIES: DISCOVERING RUSSIA 1910-1940, VOL. 2: THE NEW JEWISH SCHOOL, Jascha Nemtsov, EDA Records EDA 14-2, 1999, compact disc.
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